Ceramide accumulation impairs adipocytes' ability to efficiently store and utilize nutrients, leading to energy and glucose homeostasis deterioration. Using a comparative transcriptomic screen, we identified the non-canonical, non-secreted fibroblast growth factor FGF13 as a ceramide-regulated factor that impairs adipocyte function. Obesity robustly induces FGF13 expression in adipose tissue in mice and humans and is positively associated with glycemic indices of type 2 diabetes. Pharmacological...

Early detection of viral infection and rapid activation of host antiviral defenses through transcriptional upregulation of interferons (IFNs) and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) are critical for controlling infection. However, aberrant production of IFN in the absence of viral infection leads to auto-inflammation and can be detrimental to the host. Here, we show that the DNA-binding transcriptional repressor complex composed of Capicua (CIC) and Ataxin-1 like (ATXN1L) binds to an 8-nucleotide motif...

CONCLUSIONS: These findings further our understanding of innate immune dysfunction in the CF airway epithelium and suggest that virus-induced cilia injury may further compromise host defenses in CF airways.

The activation of chondrogenic progenitor cells (CPCs) in articular cartilage during a traumatic injury is vital for cartilage regeneration. Although our understanding of the mechanisms underlying CPC chondrogenic activation remains incomplete, there is evidence that exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are involved in tissue healing due to their regulating role of posttranscriptional gene expressions. In this study, we profiled enriched and differential expression of miRNAs in exosomes derived...

Oxygen controls most metazoan metabolism, yet in mammals, tissue O(2) levels vary widely. While extensive research has explored cellular responses to hypoxia, understanding how cells respond to physiologically high O(2) levels remains uncertain. To address this problem, we investigated respiratory epithelia as their contact with air exposes them to some of the highest O(2) levels in the body. We asked how the O(2) level in air controls differentiation of airway basal stem cells into the ciliated...